Caralluma europaea (Gussone) N.E.Br.
Mediterranean Caralluma
The most widely distributed Caralluma in the Mediterranean and the only one with a presence in continental Europe. Described by Gussone (originally from southern Italy) and transferred by N.E. Brown to genus Caralluma. Currently also recognised as Apteranthes europaea or Boucerosia europaea in some systems. It has seven recognised taxonomic varieties: var. affinis (Algeria), var. albotigrina, var. barrueliana (Morocco), var. confusa, var. decipiens, var. gattefossei (Morocco/Algeria) and var. judaica (Israel/Palestine/Jordan). Its greyish-green quadrangular stems and five-petalled yellowish-green flowers with purple mottling are typical of the genus, though with less intense fetid odour than other Caralluma.
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Overview
| Category | Classification |
|---|---|
| Family | Apocynaceae |
| Genus | Caralluma |
| Growth Habit | Clump-forming succulent with erect or decumbent quadrangular stems; extensive colonies on rocky outcrops and arid Mediterranean slopes |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern (LC) at species level; some varieties such as var. barrueliana may be threatened |
| pH Target | 7.0–8.5 |
| Type | Calcareous-rocky very well-draining soil; alkaline pH typical of the Mediterranean basin |
Origin & Habitat
Requirements
Soil & Substrate
Type
Calcareous-rocky very well-draining soil; alkaline pH typical of the Mediterranean basin
groups Beneficial Associations
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Propagation Strategy
T
C
Every 2–3 years in spring
Once in spring and once in early summer, diluted mineral cactus fertiliser
Uses & Applications
Precautions / Toxicity
Not toxic; flowers with moderate fetid odour; sap may irritate sensitive skin
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"The only Caralluma with natural distribution in Europe. The seven varieties reflect geographical diversification across the Mediterranean basin and North Africa. The var. judaica has distribution in the Near East, extending the range to Israel and Jordan. Species of interest for Mediterranean succulent flora conservation programmes."
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Scientific Integrity
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Sources
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Discussion
Disclaimer
This species record is provided for educational and informational purposes only. Jardín Roca Negra does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the data. Content is community-curated and may be subject to revision; it should not replace advice from a qualified botanist. This species may be toxic, invasive, or subject to legal restrictions — verify before handling or cultivating. Jardín Roca Negra accepts no liability for any harm arising from reliance on this information. Images are reproduced under Creative Commons or equivalent free licenses; credits are noted below each image.