Bursera copallifera (Sessé & Moc. ex DC.) Bullock
Mexican copal / True copal
Mexican deciduous tree whose Nahuatl name is 'copalli' (copal), source of the generic term for Mesoamerican aromatic resins. It is possibly the Bursera most intimately linked to the production of ceremonial copal in Mexico since pre-Hispanic times. The Aztecs and other Mesoamerican cultures burned its resin in temples as an offering to the gods. It continues to be actively used in contemporary indigenous ceremonies.
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Overview
| Category | Classification |
|---|---|
| Family | Burseraceae |
| Genus | Bursera |
| Growth Habit | Medium deciduous tree 4-12 m; grey-whitish exfoliating bark; very aromatic when any part is cut |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern (LC) — although resin collection pressure may affect local populations |
| pH Target | 6.5 – 8.5 |
| Type | Well-drained calcareous soils and schists; xerosols and leptosols |
Origin & Habitat
Requirements
Soil & Substrate
Type
Well-drained calcareous soils and schists; xerosols and leptosols
groups Beneficial Associations
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Propagation Strategy
T
W
Every 3-4 years
Low-nitrogen mineral fertilizer once a year at the start of spring
Uses & Applications
Precautions / Toxicity
No documented toxicity in normal ornamental or ceremonial use
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Plant Health
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"It is the species with the greatest cultural importance in the entire genus Bursera. Traditional copal collectors in Guerrero and Morelos make incisions in the bark at regular intervals to collect the resin without killing the tree, a technique passed down through generations."
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Scientific Integrity
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Sources
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Discussion
Disclaimer
This species record is provided for educational and informational purposes only. Jardín Roca Negra does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the data. Content is community-curated and may be subject to revision; it should not replace advice from a qualified botanist. This species may be toxic, invasive, or subject to legal restrictions — verify before handling or cultivating. Jardín Roca Negra accepts no liability for any harm arising from reliance on this information. Images are reproduced under Creative Commons or equivalent free licenses; credits are noted below each image.