Bursera microphylla A.Gray
Elephant tree / Small-leaf Bursera
Deciduous tree of the Sonoran Desert known as 'elephant tree' for its short, thick trunk with whitish-yellow bark that resembles elephant skin. It is one of the most emblematic trees of the Sonoran Desert and very popular in bonsai and caudiciform collections for its sculptural appearance. The leaves are tiny, pinnate, and the plant produces an aromatic resin when cut.
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© Miwasatoshi
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Overview
| Category | Classification |
|---|---|
| Family | Burseraceae |
| Genus | Bursera |
| Growth Habit | Low tree or large shrub, heavily branched from the base, with massive caudex of papery whitish bark; up to 2-3 m in cultivation |
| Conservation Status | Least Concern (LC) — IUCN |
| pH Target | 6.5 – 8.0 |
| Type | Granitic soils, dry alluvial and rocky soils; rocky slopes with rapid drainage |
Origin & Habitat
Requirements
Soil & Substrate
Type
Granitic soils, dry alluvial and rocky soils; rocky slopes with rapid drainage
groups Beneficial Associations
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Propagation Strategy
A
A
Every 3-4 years in spring
Only once at the start of summer with very diluted mineral fertilizer (1/4 of the recommended dose)
Uses & Applications
Precautions / Toxicity
Not considered toxic; resin may be mildly irritating on prolonged contact
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Plant Health
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"The elephant tree is extremely slow to grow an impressive caudex; mature specimens in nature can be centuries old. In cultivation, the trick to quickly thicken the caudex is to grow it in the ground (not a pot) for 3-5 years and then bonsai it."
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Scientific Integrity
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Sources
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Discussion
Disclaimer
This species record is provided for educational and informational purposes only. Jardín Roca Negra does not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of the data. Content is community-curated and may be subject to revision; it should not replace advice from a qualified botanist. This species may be toxic, invasive, or subject to legal restrictions — verify before handling or cultivating. Jardín Roca Negra accepts no liability for any harm arising from reliance on this information. Images are reproduced under Creative Commons or equivalent free licenses; credits are noted below each image.